| Egyptian Journal of Archeological and Restoration Studies

Authors:
Orabi, E. ¹ (*) & Sallam, A. ²
Conservation dept., Faculty of Archeology - Aswan Univ., Aswan, Egypt

Abstract:
This paper focuses on the environmental hazards affecting the building materials at the Sharia Judge tomb in Aswan, abreast with finding out the appropriate Nano consolidant, to achieve the afore-mentioned purpose; the ambient environmental factors were studied and the deterioration products were noticed, building materials were studied using SEM-EDX, XRD and FTIR. Through SEM investigation; it was found that the plaster layers had a significant deterioration in addition to the spread of gaps, sepa-rations, cracks, and lack of interconnection between the grains. The analyses by EDX and XRD proved that the two layers of the plaster consist of calcium carbonate CaCO3 and quartz SiO2 with a percentage of halite NaCl, whitewash from gypsum CaSO4.2H2O with a percentage of halite. Through FTIR analytical results it was find out the type of organic media used. It turned out that the media was from animal glue. The study aims to consolidate the layers of plaster that suffer from complete or partial separation by applying the consolidation with calcium nano hydroxide mix with TiO2 nanoparticles in different concentrations to consolidate the layers of the separated plaster on models similar in composition to the composition of the original plaster layers. The results indicated that the mixture consisting of calcium nano hydroxide mix with TiO2 nanoparticles 1:2 was the best for preserving the plaster layers of the tomb of the Sharia judge in the Fatimid cemetery in Aswan.

Keywords:
Sharia judge cemetery Plaster layers SEM-EDX XRD Nano-calcium hydroxide TiO2 nanoparticles

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