| Egyptian Journal of Archeological and Restoration StudiesCHARACTERISTICS OF STUCCO EMPTIER IN AL-ZAHIR BAYBARS AL-BANDAQDARI MOSQUE, CAIRO, EGYPT
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/ejars.2026.511046
pages: 43-48
Abdelrahim, Sh. 1 , Mohammad, A. 1 , Fouad, O. 2 , Geioushy, R. 2 & Afifi, H. 3
1 Restoration dept., Faculty of Archaeology, Fayoum Univ., Fayoum, Egypt
2 Nanostructured Materials & Nanotechnology dept., Central Metallurgical Research & Development Institute, Cairo, Egypt.
3 Conservation dept., Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo Univ., Giza, Egypt
Abstract:
Sultan Al-Zahir Baybars Al-Bandaqdari established his mosque in (1260-1277 AD), Ghamra, Cairo. The goal of this study is to examine the composition of the stucco emptier that adorn the mosque, as well as to identify their degradation aspects and the various environmental effects. Additionally, the physical characteristics of these ornamentation elements. Three samples from stucco emptier were collected, coded, and examined using many analytical and inves-tigation techniques. The X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis of the collected samples indicated that the samples mainly contain Ca, S, Si, and C elements. X-ray diffraction (XRD) has been used to investigate the crystal structure and mineralogical composition. It revealed that the collected samples are composed mainly of gypsum, anhydrite, and quartz. USB digital micro-scope, polarizing microscope, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images show that the surface and the core of the samples are rough with a more porous microstructure. Physical pro-perties: density, porosity, and water absorption were also measured to provide full characteristics of the collected stucco samples. The data indicated that the stucco emptier in Al-Zahir Baybars Al Bandaqdari mosque needs restoration to preserve it, and the findings of this study will help in preparing a stucco emptier completion material of the same archaeological components with a slightly different colour to avoid the confusion of authenticity from the original stucco and restored parts.
Keywords:
Stucco Al-Zahir Baybars Al-Bandaqdari Emptier XRF XRD A stereo microscope SEM.
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