| Egyptian Journal of Archeological and Restoration Studies

Authors:
Abd El-Hady, M. ¹ & Abd El Hafez, A. <sup>2

1</sup> Prof. Conservation dept., Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo Univ., Giza, Egypt
² Asses. Lecture Conservation dept., Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo Univ., Giza, Egypt

Abstract:
Mud brick made from soil materials widely used in building the earthen buildings dating back to prehistoric times on wards. The ancient Egyptians had built those unique and historical buildings to be used as houses, tombs, castles and parts of temples because the raw materials used for producing mud-brick widely existing in the Nile valley and many other historical sites . The present research deals with illustrating the technology of manufacturing mud-brick and the inorganic and organic materials used in this technology. The results obtained by this research showed that the physio-chemical and mechanical properties of mud-brick greatly varied from site to another. A scientific survey carried out on different samples of mud-brick collected from the most deteriorated parts of some historical buildings showed that the physical structure of these samples seriously collapsed and the samples became fragile materials due to the severe effects of deterioration factors mainly atmospheric conditions , rain water ,ground water , biological agents ( termites and micro organisms ) etc.

Keywords:
Mud brick, Tombs, Manufacturing, Rain water, Ground water.

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